Buoyant flexture8/5/2023 ![]() (c) Height above instantaneous sea surface for Cycle 7 ICESat-2 ATL03 signal (light blue dots) and background (gray dots) photons, andATL06 segments (dark blue dots) for gt3r (strong beam) for RGT 0487, which is labeled in (a). Three relevant R-M parameters, relative height (( dh RM), relative along-track distance ( dx RM), and near-front thickness (H), are indicated. (b) Schematic of ice-shelf bench (hatched area), R-M structure, and the conditions under which the bench forms. Inset map (created using Antarctic Mapping Tools data Greene et al., 2017) features the Mouginot et al. (2017) velocity fields, with the streamline delineating the boundary between ice originating from the West and East Antarctic ice sheets (WAIS and EAIS, respectively) in black. Gray lines on the ice shelf show modern ice streamlines derived from Rignot et al. (2013) ice-shelf mask is shown with a black line. (a) Map showing the distribution of ICESat-2 reference ground tracks (RGTs) near the Ross Ice Shelf (RIS) front (ascending in red and descending in blue) overlaid on a December 2, 2018, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) image downloaded from NASA Worldview. Once the ice front is detected, the user can apply the code package to search for rampart-moat (R-M) features at the ice front (Figures 1b–1c) and quantifies them according to the height of the rampart relative to the moat ( dh RM) and the along-track distance from the rampart to the lowest portion of the moat ( dx RM).įor more information, see subsections 2.2 and 2.3 of Becker et al. The method is designed around stepping along track from open water to the ice shelf. The code is currently tested on Ross Ice Shelf (Figure 1a), where ICESat-2 tracks are usually close to orthogonal to the ice front and height criteria for distinguishing between open water (including where there is sea ice) and the ice-shelf surface are easily established. This repository provides step-by-step tools to download ICESat-2 ATL06 Land Ice Height data (Smith et al., 2019) for a specific region using Python, build a user-friendly MATLAB structure, remove outliers, and search for large along-track jumps in height (that satisfy specified criteria) to identify the ice-shelf front. Geophysical Research Letters, 48, e2020GL091207. Buoyancy‐driven flexure at the front of Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, observed with ICESat‐2 laser altimetry. A., Padman, L., Mosbeux, C., & Siegfried, M. This allows for the creation of a varied neutrally buoyant training environment with a smaller physical space requirement compared to existing methods.Code for Ice-Front and Rampart-Moat Detection and Quantification in ICESat-2 Laser Altimetryīecker, M. Incorporation of tactile feedback and methods to track the body, hands and finger flexure, enabling user interaction with the virtual environment was explored. Hence training with VR may help prepare an astronaut for the experience of operating in space through exposure to realistic simulations.This paper proposes using existing underwater systems with VR to create a low cost extra vehicular activity (EVA) astronaut training simulation. Tactile feedback was found to enhance the treatment. Further, there is evidence that VR can aid in the treatment of phobias with exposure therapy by better preparing the patient for real life exposure. Research into VR as a platform for training astronauts has shown encouraging results with the implementation of hand tracking data gloves allowing the trainee to interact with the virtual environment. As such, the economics of space travel are more important than ever, and there is a logical need to research affordable and effective training procedures for astronauts.Virtual Reality (VR) has been shown to be an effective technique for training people to perform high skilled physical tasks such as medical surgery. In the past governments have been driving space exploration through ventures such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), however more recently new private companies have formed such as SpaceX who are designing commercially viable and reusable spacecraft. Astronauts undergo significant training in preparation for operating in space.
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